Shakespeares Macbeth - The Character of Macbeth :: GCSE English Literature Coursework

Macbeth Character Shakespeare               The character of Macbeth is not an easy one to understand.  At the beginning of the play Macbeth is praised by many people as being a hero when he has defeated the Norwegians.  The captain says Brave Macbeth When Duncan hears the news he adds o valient cousin and Noble Macbeth .             However Macbeth is becoming fastened up with things that are not good.  The three unearthly sisters said they would meet with him.  When the three weird sisters do meet with Macbeth and Banquo All hail, Macbeth salute to thee Thane of Glamis ,  All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee Thane of Cawdor , All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee that shalt be queen here after. Macbeth knows he is the Thane of Glamis but how can he be the Thane of Cawdor, the Thane of Cawdor lives a prosperous life and becoming king is just un hypothesiseable.  This gets Macb eth thinking about what they mean.             At the start of the play the audience hail Macbeth as a hero but as he begins to think about murdering the king the audience feels he isnt so heroic after all, and they begin to disapproval him.             We learn from lady Macbeth, the person who knows him best that he is to a fault nice to be able to kill anyone especially the present king is too ripe o th milk of human kindness, says Lady Macbeth. She then devises a forge to kill Duncan while he is staying with them.             Duncan has arrived and is having dinner. Macbeth leaves and decides not to murder Duncan.  Lady Macbeth accuses him of being less than a man for not violent death him.  Macbeth is not a natural born killer, Lady Macbeth has to persuade him to murder the king he is initially reluctant to do such a deed   & nbsp         We will proceed no further in this business Macbeth says this because he thinks he might become king without killing the present king, it might just be fate.  But Lady Macbeth then begins to persuade him and soon a chink forms in Macbeths armour.  Macbeth says If we should fail which shows us that Macbeth has erst more changed his mind this shows us that he is very backward to murder Duncan.             Once Duncan is asleep and Macbeth is on his own he sees a dagger forwards him.Shakespeares Macbeth - The Character of Macbeth GCSE English Literature Coursework Macbeth Character Shakespeare               The character of Macbeth is not an easy one to understand.  At the beginning of the play Macbeth is praised by many people as being a hero when he has defeated the Norwegians.  The captain says Brave Macbeth When Duncan hears the news he adds o valient cousin and Noble Macbeth .             However Macbeth is becoming tied up with things that are not good.  The three weird sisters said they would meet with him.  When the three weird sisters do meet with Macbeth and Banquo All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee Thane of Glamis ,  All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee Thane of Cawdor , All hail, Macbeth Hail to thee that shalt be king here after. Macbeth knows he is the Thane of Glamis but how can he be the Thane of Cawdor, the Thane of Cawdor lives a prosperous life and becoming king is just unthinkable.  This gets Macbeth thinking about what they mean.             At the start of the play the audience hail Macbeth as a hero but as he begins to think about murdering the king the audience feels he isnt so heroic after all, and they begin to dislike him.             We learn from Lady Macbeth, the person who knows him best that he is too nice to be able to kill anyone especially the present king is too full o th milk of human kindness, says Lady Macbeth. She then devises a plan to kill Duncan while he is staying with them.             Duncan has arrived and is having dinner. Macbeth leaves and decides not to murder Duncan.  Lady Macbeth accuses him of being less than a man for not killing him.  Macbeth is not a natural born killer, Lady Macbeth has to persuade him to murder the king he is initially reluctant to do such a deed             We will proceed no further in this business Macbeth says this because he thinks he might become king without killing the present king, it might just be fate.  But Lady Macbeth then begins to persuade him and soon a chink forms in Macbeths armour.  Macbeth says If we should fail which shows us that Macbeth has once mor e changed his mind this shows us that he is very unwilling to murder Duncan.             Once Duncan is asleep and Macbeth is on his own he sees a dagger before him.

To Be Legal :: essays research papers

To Be Legal ganja smokers are generally mildly intoxicated, giggle, laugh, bother no one, and have a good time. They do not stagger or fall, and wouldnt ordinarily attempt to harm anyone. It has not been proven that smoking marijuana leads to crimes of a reddish nature or to crimes of a sexual nature. Smoking marijuana has no unpleasant after-affects, no dependence is developed on the drug, and the practice can soft be stopped at any time. So why is marijuana illegal? Although marijuana usage is frowned upon by society, marijuana can be use for industrial, recreational, and charge medical purposes. The industry could certainly benefit from marijuana. Hemp (processed marijuana) is among the oldest of industries on the planet, going back more(prenominal) than 10,000 age to the beginning of pottery. Surprisingly, Hemp can sub many of the elements used in products today. One acre of hemp in annual rotation will produce as much pulp for paper as 4.1 acres of trees during the same tw enty-year period. Hemp can be grown and harvested every year, unlike trees that take a lasting fifty to one hundred years to grow back. Also, making paper from trees creates over five times more pollution than making paper from hemp. Hemp could also have an effect on the clothing industry producing three times as much fiber per acre as cotton. While cotton is grown on only 3% of the knowledge bases farmland, it uses a devastating 26% of the worlds pesticides per year. Hemp requires no pesticides or herbicides to grow. In regards to recreational use, marijuana is about as propitious as you can get. It is not addictive. It does not cause violence. It creates no hangovers and no one has ever died from an overdose. Marijuana serves as a natural relaxant, unlike alcohol, which produces more hyper emotions. Personally, I noticed that people attending college parties based around the consumption of alcohol tend to be more aggressive than those under the influence of marijuana. Marijuana users tend to be more jovial in a social atmosphere such as a party/club and do not pursue things that involve large amounts of energy. Although there are some that claim marijuana usage is harmful to the body, impairing the normal flow of thought, causing loss of coordination, and even brain damage, it can also be a way of enjoying yourself, socializing with friends, and escaping the troubled reality of the world.

Escaping the Responsibility in Society :: Essays Papers

Escaping the Responsibility in Society James Joyce wrote a collection of short stories titled Dubliners. Joyce wrote these stories in the nineteen hundreds to show how people often felt during the hard time after the Famine. The characters bilk from their own responsibilities in society. James Joyce uses the theme of escape throughout three stories in Dubliners, An Encounter, Eveline, and The Dead. In An Encounter, the boys escape school provided have a function to attend that day. As well Eveline feels that she has to escape Dublin but believes she has a duty to observe. The Dead, Gabriel escapes his responsibility to be there for his wife Gretta, when she is in a time of need. However, in these stories, the characters escape their responsibility. In all of the short stories, all(prenominal) story shows the characters escaping society with their responsibilities through their own type of work. In each story, characters strive to escape the responsib ility of work or duty. For example, in An Encounter, Leo Dillon and a child name Mahony planned a days miching (13). This shows how they plan on getting away from the society of Dublin and escaping school. They have a responsibility to attend school that day, however, with them not being there they have to consider the fact of getting caught there be choices and consequences in life. There responsibility is to be present at school, however, they escape society and have to deal with the consequences. Another way that the boys escape society by way of their responsibilities is when they read comic books in class. The teacher asks, Is this what you read instead of studying your Roman History? ... Im surprised at boys like you, educated, reading such stuff (12). They are escaping again from society, their responsibilities of school work and, the standards of expectations from their teacher. They have no desire to listen to what is going on in class but rather try to escape the society through reading their comic books. However, this escaping through responsibilities is connected to the story of Eveline. Eveline has made a promise to her mother and does not know if she can keep it because of her wanting to get away from society and move to Buenos Ayes with Frank.

Teenage Depression Statistics Essay -- Psychology, Pessimism, Social

Twenty percent of teens in America today sire from at least one symptom of depression.( Teenage Depression Statistics ) Depression is an illness that involves the body, mood, and thoughts, that affects the way a person eats and sleeps, the way one feels close oneself-importance, and the way one thinks ab knocked out(p) things. Depression symptoms include loss of emotional expression, feelings of hopelessness, pessimism, and social withdrawal (Teenage Depression Statistics )Holden Caulfield, in J.D. Salingers The Catcher in the Rye, suffers from symptoms of depression. Beca using up of his mental illness, he is a misunderstood, confused young character who is in search of his identity and place in the orb. He suffers from symptoms of depression, which are rooted in a wish of closure concerning his brothers death. The devastation Holden experiences after Allies death is understandable. This unfortunately leads to a lack of personal motivation, low self esteem and compulsive ly ing. Holdens inability to self-reflect and his stubbornness in overlooking the obvious has resulted in a chronic lack of motivation. Holden lacks the necessary ability to motivate himself, which is required to survive in the real world. Holden feels no need to self motivate, because all those who survive in the real world, he considers phonies. He is unable to realize the importance of progress, maturity and responsibility.Compulsive lying is a trait that Holden demonstrates. Holden would lie to batch simply so they could not become closer to the real Holden. Holden tells lies on several occasions attempting to gain sympathy from others. Holden pathetically informs Mrs. Morrow, I stomach to have a tiny operation... it isnt very serious. I have this tiny little tumor ... ...ing thoughts In conclusion, Holden Caulfield is a troubled young man who is isolated from the real world and the adult wold. Holden is stuck the path of moving from adolescence and innocence to to and adu lt world he considers insensitive and phony. Holden has issues discovering his personal identity as he isolates himself. Shutting the world out and scrutinizing those whom he considers to be phonies. Because he is so eager to criticize the world around him. Holden thus is differentiated from those in society. It is an undeniable fact, that each one of use at some point or another must grow up. Holden is unable to grasp this idea and this leads to his nervous breakdown . If Holden had a less traumatic past and had the ability and willingness to connect to others and create and maintain relationships he would have a less unsettling furture ahead of him.

Computers Reshaping Society :: Technology Computers Essays

Computers Reshaping SocietyThe emergence of computers in our society as a means of the throng and processing of training for the select of it has played a major role in reshaping the society it exists in. After the introduction of computers as a business, and later personal, tool, and the large-scale assimilation of such for twain purposes, the computer proceeded to shape our society by its own needs. This reshaping took the form suiting all business and personal feel of humans around the dim-witted component of the computer -- information. Information has become the one most important entity in our lives, far more important than most other needs, thanks to the efforts of gathering and organizing the vast amount of information that was brought about by the introduction of computers. The next obvious issue is privacy. Privacy is by definition the withholding of certain information which is of some importance to the group or individual exercising this right. It has now become ho wever an active battle with the computers seeking to organize and index all aspects of our life, while we cling to the last bits of this information, to privacy, to the frontier of battle over information. It is not surprising that privacy has become the central issue in todays digital age. The following is an excerpt from the US government report Cryptographys Role in Securing the Information Society by the issue Research Council. Todays information age requires U.S. businesses to competeon a worldwide basis, sharing sensitive information withappropriate parties while protecting that information againstcompetitors, vandals, suppliers, customers, and exoticgovernments. Private law-abiding citizens dislikethe ease with which personal telephone calls can be tapped,especially those carried on cellular or cordless telephones.Elements of the U.S. civilian infrastructure such as thebanking system, the electric power grid, the public switchedtelecommunications network, and the air traff ic control systemare central to so many dimensions of modern life thatprotecting these elements must have a high priority. Thefederal government has an important stake in assuring that itsimportant and sensitive political, economic, law enforcement,and armed forces information, both classified and unclassified, isprotected from foreign governments or other parties whoseinterests are hostile to those of the United States.As you can see, the federal government is showing neat concern over the misuse of information which it hopes to try to protect by enforcing stricter guidelines on the respect of privacy (by methods of encryption). This is a clear reflection of the cultural expectation that was developed by the presence of computers.

Computers Reshaping Society :: Technology Computers Essays

Computers Reshaping SocietyThe emergence of randomness processing systems in our society as a means of the gathering and processing of information for the sorting of it has played a major role in reshaping the society it exists in. After the introduction of computers as a business, and later personal, tool, and the large-scale assimilation of such for both purposes, the computer proceeded to spurt our society by its own needs. This reshaping took the form suiting all business and personal life of humans around the elementary component of the computer -- information. Information has become the one most important entity in our lives, far more important than most other needs, thanks to the efforts of gathering and organizing the vast occur of information that was brought about by the introduction of computers. The next obvious issue is privacy. Privacy is by definition the withholding of certain information which is of some brilliance to the group or individual exercising this righ t. It has now become however an active battle with the computers seeking to organize and index all aspects of our life, while we touch to the last bits of this information, to privacy, to the frontier of battle over information. It is not surprising that privacy has become the central issue in todays digital years. The following is an excerpt from the US government report Cryptographys Role in Securing the Information Society by the National Research Council. Todays information age requires U.S. businesses to competeon a worldwide basis, sharing sensitive information withappropriate parties while protecting that information againstcompetitors, vandals, suppliers, customers, and foreigngovernments. Private law-abiding citizens dislikethe ease with which personal telephone calls can be tapped,especially those carried on cellular or cordless telephones.Elements of the U.S. civilian infrastructure such as thebanking system, the electric power grid, the public switchedtelecommunicati ons network, and the air traffic control systemare central to so many dimensions of modern life thatprotecting these elements essential have a high priority. Thefederal government has an important stake in assuring that itsimportant and sensitive political, economic, law enforcement,and military information, both categorise and unclassified, isprotected from foreign governments or other parties whoseinterests are hostile to those of the United States.As you can see, the federal government is showing great concern over the misuse of information which it hopes to try to protect by enforcing stricter guidelines on the respect of privacy (by methods of encryption). This is a clear reflection of the cultural mindset that was developed by the presence of computers.

Isolation of Clove Oil

Objective The objective of this experiment is to perform a steam distillate using a microscale distillation apparatus and single out a natural product from cloves. Introduction By performing steam distillation we can isolate eugenol at lower temperature than its usual boiling point of 248 degree Celsius. Eugenol belongs to a category called essential oil. Many of these compounds are utilize as flavoring and perfumes and in the past were considered the essence of plant from which they were derived. Structure of eugenol (clove oil) and eugenol acetate Reagents Eugenol, CH2Cl2, Br2, FeCl3, MethanolProcedure Co-distillation We first combine 15 mL of water with 1 g of crushed, ground cloves in a 25-mL round-bottom flask. Then added a spin bar to the 25-mL round-bottom flask and assembled the microscale distillation apparatus. We do certain that the ground cloves were well wetted. We maintained the temperature of the sand can at approximately 130 C and wrapped the bottom of the still w ith aluminum foil. Then periodically transfer the distillate from the Hickman head to a 15 mL screw cap centrifuge tube and continue the steam distillation until 58 mL of distillate have been collected.Then we started the extraction functioning by adding 2 mL of CH2Cl3 to the watereugenol emulsion. Cap the tube and shake it frequently. We then allowed the layers to separate and transferred the CH2Cl2eugenol solution to a clean, dry 5- mL conical vial. We made sure no water was transferred in this step. Then we added 1 mL of CH2Cl2 to the watereugenol emulsion, cap and shake the tube. Allowed the layers to separate and transfer the CH2Cl2eugenol solution to the 5-mL vial utilize previously and made certain that no water is transferred during this step.We then added 1 mL of CH2Cl2 to the watereugenol emulsion and shook the tube. We allowed the layers to separate and transferred the CH2Cl2eugenol solution to the 5-mL vial used in previous step. We made certain that no water was trans ferred during this step. Finally we finished the co distillation process by drying the CH2Cl2eugenol solution with 2-3 microspatulas of anhydrous atomic number 11 sulfate. Evaporation Transfer the dried CH2Cl2eugenol solution to a clean, dry, tared, 5-mL conical vial. And rinse the drying agent with a few drops of CH2Cl2 and transfer CH2Cl2 rinse to the 5- mL conical vial.In a fume hood, evaporate the CH2Cl2 using a hot water bath at approximately 40 C max 55 C. Classification discharge of eugenol (clove oil) The eugenol isolated will be tested for unsaturation using the Br2Test and aromaticity with the ferric chloride test. Br2 Test First we dissolved the clove oil in 2? 3 mL of methanol then added 5 drops of clove? oil solution to a test tube. Then we added few drops of Br2 reagent and gently swirled and recorded our observations. W then inclined(p) a control slide and matched our results to it. FeCl3 testDissolved the clove oil in 2? 3 mL of methanol Added 5 drops of clove? oi l solution to a test tube Added a few drops of FeCl3 solution to test tube Gently swirled and record your observation Results and Calculations Br2 test results. Original Br2 was yellow in gloss but when it was added to our solution it turned colorless. This shows that we had double bonds formation. Benzene gives us double bonds. Our results matched the result we obtained when we compared with control that we had created. FeCl3 test results Our solution turned light yellow-bellied in color.Control was dark orange in color. Discussion Our benzene results indicated that we had double bonds formation. Benzene gives us double bonds. Our results matched the result we obtained when we compared with control that we had created. Our FeCl3 test gave us light yellowish color solution while the control was somewhat orange. This could probably mean that we had Eugenol acetate instead of Eugenol. References Introduction to Organic Laboratory Techniques A Microscale Approach. Pavia, Lampman, Kri z, and Engel. (1999) Saunders College Publishing.

The First Step in Nation

Packed in Mt. Zion A. M. E. church, a number of caustic wo manpower had gathered to hear Mary Church Terrell talk astir(predicate)(predicate) the modern wo custody. Oblivious of the heat and the perspiration which thoroughly soaked their dresses, the women were eager to hear what Mary Church Terrell as an educator and introductory president of the National connectedness of Coloured women had to say. The women were non disappointed, as Terrell looked like the modern woman she was telling about. Her graceful walk and speaking captivated the crowd. She talked about educating less fortunate grim women, organizing themselves and improving their communities.The representatives of different clubs had joined hands to organize the National Association of Coloured women in order to put fore a formal protest against an insulting allowter written by the white president of the Missouri Press Association, James Jacks. Terrell went on to talk about Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth, and oth er women who had worked for the race, making such a permanent impression on the women, that they were ready to follow the footsteps of their ancestors. One of the women who heard this spoken language was Fields, a teacher already active in community work.She was a member of Charleston City Federation of womens club, which specialized in homemaking, friending the disadvantaged, raising funds to help instructionward darkness girls and improving the conditions. She also helped to set up the Priscilla club which served the impoverished sear areas, building homes, setting up a United attend to Organization for glum soldiers during the World War I and later on urging the city officials to hire dusky teachers. All over the country, black women were circumstances to shape, mold and direct the thought of their race, in time for an organized female resistance movement.The members of the National Association of Coloured women (NACW) set to solving interlocking problems involving race , sex activity and poverty. According to them, the problems of a race could be solved by solving the problems of its women. A story reported sixteen years before Terrells speech explains why that period in African- American history is known as Nadir. According to it, a 12- year old black boy narrowly take flight from being lynched by a mob of white boys, all of them in their early teenage years.As an editor of Richmond Planet, a black weekly, lynching was disheartening to young and old equally and the children did what they saw the adults doing. The time from 1880 to 1930 was the most savage and de honourableizing time for the black pile. Lynching was a common practice and was much per make as a ritual. African- Americans loss of civil values was just one of the manifestations of the white lawlessness. Blacks were separated from whites in public, schools and related things. Black people the great unwashedt with the racism by forming their own institutions and retreated into t hem.The institution which thrived the most during this period was the Church. The Church became a ground for political discussions and position of power and leadinghip. Societies were formed by the Church or were joined with it, due to which they got a central position in black social, political and economic life. During this time of retrenchment, black women clubs rose to impressiveness and formed sister clubs all over the country. By the time the NACW brought them together, the number was too high to keep count of. The clubs worked on one principle which was self-help.They pore on educating mothers and improving the home life. Mother clubs were formed which focused on teaching mothers about home life, educating their children, and protecting their neighborhoods. Women clubs raised money to buy lands on which they made parks, schools, colleges, libraries and hospitals. They also worked on helping black women migrate from rural areas to urban by getting them settled down in their new surroundings, which were oft hostile and dangerous. Educational courses were also offered.With time the work became so much that the local federations encouraged clubs to coordinate and take bigger projects thence what a integrity club could have non possibly handled. With time much and more clubs came under NACW, making the structure more complex and projects undertaken more sophisticated. Different de vocalizationments were formed which kept on increasing with time and the projects undertaken. The philosophy behind the women clubs enabled the women to take action when at one time such was completely unthought-of. Women organization was the freshman step in nation making according to one of the early presidents of NACW, Josephine Silone Yates.This banding together of the black women was showing the rest of the race a way to move forward, out of the shadows of the past and a way to facing the challenges of the new era. Even with the success of the women clubs, lynching, r acism, disfranchisement, race riots were still in power. An editorial in womens era asked the weak and timid men to step aside and let the women take charge. Women thought that the black men were more a part of the problem, claiming that the men had sold their votes for a mess of pottage., which was almostthing that a black woman would never do. Leaders like Anna Julia Cooper believed that black women could make a lot more headway as compared to men when it came to race problems. Association leaders thought that women would be far more suited for issues related to social welfare then men, due to their moral, nurturing and selfless nature. Coopers sense of confidence was nourished by the sense of equality with the black men. While whites had set their differences between men and women, blacks had no such issues.During slavery, black men and women had equal status, had endured incredible hardships along with men, due to which both sex had equal footing in matter of equality. racism severely limited the lives of black men though some did vote and held political positions. The fact that black men held a larger area then women was completely insignificant, for women who proclaimed that it was the women era. connection women didnt compare the positions held by the men with their positions. They only thought about their goal which was the abolition of racism. Some scholars argued the differences of goals of the black women from the white.The implications of the respective goals of white and black were different because of the difference of context of black and white womens efforts were different. The end of 19th century was good for the black people, not only because the blacks were responding to the new industrial environment but also to racism repression. Black men at this time were heavily targeted leaving behind the women to deal with the pressures of life. From it became clear that the black women were handling far more burdens then their white counterparts. Also it became clear that the black women thought that the white women were also a part of the problem.Till now the black women were considered inferior clubwomen, but now they demanded equality. Black women thought that white women would be able to play a vital role in finishing racism, lynching and their effects. But the women were soon sourly disappointed as they found out that white women had the equal thoughts as their men, and when they tried to set themselves apart, they became a burden which the black women had been carrying for so long. Other then a few white women organizations, the rest of the organizations were clearly anti-black.When friendly organizations asked black women to speak, they asked the crowd to support the black women. The all-white General federation of womens clubs (GFWC) was openly hostile and in one of their newsletters wrote an offensive story about a marriage between a black and a white. This story was like a warning against inviting black women to w hite women clubs. This story also indirectly told the blacks that they would always be inferior to the whites due to the invisible drop of black blood in their veins, no matter how much they got educated or learned, traveled or had talents.Even if these actions hurt the black women, they didnt let it discourage them from their goal. The first step to nation building was NACWs belief that the progress of the race was marked by the progress of its women. Even the black nationalist Martin Delany couldnt speak about black problems because he knew nothing about the hard working men and women from the south. The position of women became severe in this case as women were the centre of the community and knew the feeling of oppression, both as a woman and as a black.When a black woman spoke, she spoke the voice of the masses, and when the black women were free, the entire black race would be free. Not only the women believed it, the black men also soon took to the notion of women leading th eir race. A book named mention negro women was also written which told about the achievements of black women and the progress of Negros since slavery. Now that men and women were thinking alike, the only issue which also became a hot field of study of discussion in club meetings was how women would lead the race.According to Alice White, a clubwoman from Montgomery, if thee home was at peace, then the women were in power. If homes were pure and teachings were pure, then from these homes, people with strong intellect, morals and righteousness would come. Others thought that woman should assume wide- ranging roles which would help the community. No one argued that home was the first battle ground or what NACW was doing for the community. Addie Dickerson believed that homes were the building blocks of a nation and if they were strong enough then the nation would be strong as well.She also believed that women had to fight against Jim Crow and join hands with both races to improve the economic conditions of black women who were working out of their homes. Women also insisted that women should vote so that they could have political rights which could help in the reforming. Cooper argued that the time had come for womens personal independence, moral and intellectual development, political activity, and a voice of her own. These philosophies influenced the ideological discussion which was taking place between the club leaders.All women agreed to strengthen the foundation of their homes. But some wanted more, the ones who approved to suffrage and activism. The debate over this issue increased the differences between Washington and Du Boris. No matter how different the approximations or opinions of the people were, they had the same base. They had suffered humiliating experiences, rejected from clubs and moreover, they all believed that women would save the day. Black women also thought that they would stay above part politics unlike men, who were ineffective in tr affic with race issues.Terrell thought that the worst a black woman could do was to bring a corrupt politician in the association, and also that it was important that women protested against the dust which took away their rights. For NACW, unity didnt come naturally. On same issues, the clubs put their best efforts to stick together. Clubwomen wanted to prove to the world that their image about black women was wrong. Black women are able to voice their concerns, their problems. When making a case, the women saw their differences and realized that not all black women could meet their standards.Also the clubwomen argued that the entire race was not equal, just as whites have their immoral class, lacks also have one. These women also questioned themselves as to why did the white people judge them only for their bad points? Club women wanted to end discrimination and wanted it to be marked their own success. NACW had already taken first step in nation building by helping others just as they help themselves. The very existence of NACW mean that black women had a defender with a national voice. The records of the club were impressive and at the end of the century it proposed a very bold plan.At the time when white women were choosing between careers or homes, NACW announced that black women will do what men do, as well as what a woman will do. Convinced that black issues were same, they spoke publicly against black men and oppression. Also they didnt feel that their feminism would tear apart the movement into camps. The club members only saw wisdom in their approach towards black poverty, same as they saw only symmetry in their race and gender. Before he even penned down the term, both conservative and activists accepted Du Boriss philosophy.Clubwomen unlike the more modern black women leaders didnt hesitate to represent the lower class. These women were proud of their work because they felt it was their duty to talk to them. Where all the NACW women were proud o f their achievements, the also had a reason for dread. They couldnt forever keep ignoring the differences which separated them, for some issues were too serious, too pivotal to the future of black people. The most serious issue was that the race might not raise higher then its women. Many questions rose. Will the whites accept the association? What would happen if the status didnt rise high?What if the programs didnt benefit the black women? In the end it was concluded that the ideology did justice to female black activism, but if it failed the entire blame would come on the women. Twentieth century progressed and with it progressed the idea that challenges would be met by more competent women who had more knowledge and experience then the women of 1896, who were sure that would change the world history. Work Cited African &Americans. (n. d. ). National Association of Colored Womens Clubs, Inc. October 12, 2008.

George Washington Proclamation Of Neutrality

Washingtons Proclamation of Neutrality George Washingtons decision to hold a policy of disinterest benefited the e nation because it protected them from foreign enemies and it prevented shrieks and in correction among political parties. The proclamation of neutrality, issued in 1 793, was published to Stay neutral between the French and British during their war and became the foundation f American policy toward Europe until the twentieth century.Both American political parties ink ewe that they were too weak to protrude involved in a war and too dependent on British trade. They gag reed that the United States could bankrupt the federal government if they entered the hook flick. This policy of neutrality prevented the nation from being too attached to another, as stated in Washingtons Farewell Address, so likewise, a passionate attachment Of mavin nation for anon her produces a variety of evils. This decision also prevented the United States from creating enemies with the oppos ing nation. Washington also wanted to announce a policy of neutrality b teen political parties. He states in the Farewell Address, It agitates the community with LIFO ended jealousies and false alarms, kindles the animosity of wholeness part against another, foments occasionally riot and insurrection.It opens the door to foreign influence and corruption, which find s a facilitated access to the government itself through the channels of party passions. Thus the policy and the will of one country are subjected to the policy and will of another This pass age explains how the dispute between the political parties will create riots between the people. Washingtons decision to announce a policy of neutrality benefited the nation in numerous ways.

Greek Influence on English Language

Indirect and direct borrowings Since the living Grecian and slope languages were not in direct pertain until modern times, borrowings were necessarily indirect, coming either through Latin (through texts or various vernaculars), or from Ancient Grecian texts, not the living language. Some Grecian nomenclature were borrowed intoLatinand its descendants, theRomance languages. incline often received these words fromFrench. Their phonetic and orthographic form has sometimes changed good.For instance,placewas borrowed both by grizzly position and by French from Latinplatea, itself borrowed from Grecian ( ) broad (street) the Italianpiazzaand Spanishplaza contrive the same origin, and have been borrowed into English in parallel. The wordolivecomes through theRomancefrom the Latin wordoliva, which in turn comes from the Grecian (elaiwa). 12A later Greek word, (bouturon)3becomes Latin unlessyrumand eventually English cover. A large group of early borrowings, again transmitted f irst through Latin, then through various vernaculars, comes from Christian vocabularybishop< episkoposoverseer),priest< (presbyteroselder), andchurch building<? (kyriakon). 4In some cases, the orthography of these words was later changed to reflect the Greek spellinge. g. quirewas respelled aschoirin the 17th century. Many more words were borrowed by scholars writing in post-classical Latin. Some words were borrowed in essentially their original meaning, often transmitted through classical Latinphysics,iambic,eta,necromancy. A a couple of(prenominal) result from scribal errorsencyclopedia< the circle of learning, not a compound in Greekacne(skin condition) < erroneous lt high point, acme. Others were borrowed unchanged as technical terms, but with specific, impertinent meaningstelescope< far-seeing refers to anoptical instrument for seeing far awayphlogiston< burnt thing is a supposedfire-making potential. But by far the largest Greek contribution to English vocabulary is the huge number of scientific, medical, and technicalneologismsthat have been coined bycompounding Greek roots and affixesto produce novel words which never existed in the Greek languageutopia(1516, not + place),zoology(1669, ),hydrodynamics(1738, + ),photography(1834, + ),oocyte(1895, + ),helicobacter(1989, + ). Such terms argon coined in all the European languages, and spread to the others freelyincluding to Modern Greek. Traditionally, these coinages were constructed development only Greek morphemes,e. g. metamathematics, but increasingly, Greek, Latin, and other morphemes are combined, as intelevision(Greek + Latinvision),metalinguistic(Greek + Latinlingua+ Greek - + Greek - ), andgarbology(Englishgarbage+ Greek - . Thesehybrid wordswere formerly considered to be barbarisms. Many Greek affixes such asanti-and-ichave becomeproductivein English, combining with arbitrary English wordsantichoice,Fascistic. Most learned borrowings and coinages quest af ter the classical LatinRomanization system, where c represents ? etc. , with a fewer exceptionseureka(cf. heuristic),kinetic(cf. cinematography),krypton(cf. cryptic). Some Greek words were borrowed through Arabic and then Romanceinterpersonal chemistry( or ),elixir( ),alembic( ),botargo( , and possiblyquintal( < Latincentenarium (pondus)). Curiously,chemistappears to be aback-formationfromalchemist. In the 19th and 20th centuries a few learned words and phrases were introduced using a more or less direct transliteration of Ancient Greek ( instead than the traditional Latin-based morphology and dropped inflectional endings),e. g. nous( ),hoi polloi( ). Some Greek words have given rise toetymological doublets, being borrowed both through an organic, indirect route, and a learned, direct route into Englishanthemandantiphon( ,franticandfrenetic( ),butterandbutyr(ic)( ),bishopandepiscop(al)( ),balmandbalsam( , probably itself a borrowing from Semitic),blameandblasphemy( ),boxandpyx( is)( ),choirandchorus( ),trivetandtripod( / -),slanderandscandal( ),oil,olive,oleum, andelaeo-( )almondandamygdala( )dramanddrachma( )paperandpaper rush( )caratandkeratin( , -). 56 Finally, with the growth of tourism, some words reflecting modern Greek ulture have been borrowed into Englishmany of them originally borrowings into Greek themselvesretsina,souvlaki,taverna(< Italian),ouzo(disputed etymology),moussaka(< Turkish < Arabic),baklava(< Turkish),feta(< Italian),bouzouki(< Turkish),gyro(the food, a calque of Turkishdoner). - editGreek as an intermediary Many words from theHebrew Biblewere transmitted to the western languages through the Greek of theSeptuagint, often without morphological ordinancepharaoh( ),seraphim( , ,paradise( < Hebrew < Persian),rabbi( ). - editThe written form of Greek words in English Many Greek words, especially those borrowed through the literary tradition, are placeable as such from their spelling. Already in Latin, there were speci fic conventions for borrowing Greek. So Greek? was written as y, as ? , as ? ,? as ph, and? as c. These conventions (which originally reflected pronunciation) have carried over into English and other languages with historical orthography (like French).They make it possible to recognize words of Greek origin, and give hints as to their pronunciation and inflection. On the other hand, the spelling of some words was refashioned to reflect their etymologyMiddle Englishcaracterbecamecharacterin the 16th century. 7 The Ancient Greek diphthongs and may be spelled in three different ways in English the digraphsaeandoe the ligatures? and? or the simple lettere. Both the digraphs and ligatures are uncommon in American usage, but the digraphs remain common in British usage. Examples are encyclopaedia /encyclop? ia / encyclopedia, haemoglobin / h? moglobin / hemoglobin, oedema / ? dema / edema, Oedipus / ? dipus / Edipus (rare). The verbal ending- is spelled-izein American English and-iseor-i zein British English. In some cases, a words spelling clearly shows its Greek origin. If it includesphor includesybetween consonants, it is very in all probability Greek. If it includesrrh,phth, orchth or starts withhy-,ps-,pn-, orchr- or the rarerpt-,ct-,chth-,rh-,x-,sth-,mn-,tm-,gn-orbd-, then it is Greek, with some exceptionsgnat,gnaw,gneiss.One exception isptarmigan, which is from aGaelicword, thephaving been added byfalse etymology. The wordtrophy, though in the long run of Greek origin, did not have a? but a? in its Greek form, . - editPronunciation In clusters such asps-,pn-, orgn-which are not allowed byEnglish phonotactics, the usual English pronunciation drops the first consonant (e. g. psychology) at the start of a word comparegnosticn? st? k andagnostic? gn? st? k there are a few exceptionstmesistmi? s? s.Initialx-is pronouncedz. Chis pronounced likekrather than as in churche. g. character, chaos. Consecutive vowels are often pronounced separately rather than forming a single vowel sound or one of them becoming silent (e. g. theatrevs. feat). - editInflectional endings and plurals Though many English words derived from Greek through the literary route drop the inflectional endings (tripod,zoology,pentagon) or use Latin endings (papyrus,mausoleum), some preserve the Greek endingstetrahedron,schema(cf. cheme),topos,lexicon,climax. In the case of Greek endings, the plurals sometimes follow theGreek rulesphenomenon, phenomenatetrahedron, tetrahedracrisis, criseshypothesis, hypothesesstigma, stigmatatopos, topoicyclops, cyclopes but often do notcolon, colonsnot*cola(except for thevery rare technical term of rhetoric)pentathlon, pentathlonsnot*pentathlademon, demonsnot*demonesclimaxes, not*climaces.Usage is mixed in some casesschema, schemasorschematalexicon, lexiconsorlexicahelix, helixesorhelicessphinx, sphingesorsphinxesclitoris, clitorisesorclitorides. And there are misleading casespentagoncomes from Greekpentagonon, so its plural cannot be*pentaga it ispentagons(Greek /pentagona). (cf. Plurals from Latin and Greek) - editVerbs Few English verbs are derived from the corresponding Greek verbs examples arebaptizeandostracize.However, the Greek verbal suffix-izeis productive in Latin, the Romance languages, and English words likemetabolize, though composed of a Greek root and a Greek suffix, are modern compounds. - editStatistics The contribution of Greek to the English vocabulary can be quantified in two ways,typeandtokenfrequencies type absolute frequency is the proportion of distinct words token frequency is the proportion of words in actual texts.Since most words of Greek origin are specialized technical and scientific coinages, the type frequency is considerably higher than the token frequency. And the type frequency in a large word list will be larger than that in a low-down word list. In a typical English dictionary of 80,000 words, which corresponds very roughly to the vocabulary of an educated English speaker, about 5 % of the words are borrowed from Greek directly, and about 25% indirectly (if we count modern coinages from Greek roots as Greek). citation needed - editReferences 1. This must have been an early borrowing, since the Latinvreflects a still-pronounceddigamma. The Greek word was in turn apparently borrowed from a pre-Indo-EuropeanMediterraneansubstrate(see alsoGreek substrate language), although the earliest attested form of it is theMycenaean Greeke-ra-wa(transliterated as elava), attested inLinear Bsyllabic scriptseee-ra-wa, Mycenaean (Linear b) English Glossary 2. Palaeolexicon, Word study instrument of ancient languages 3. Carl Darling Buck,A Dictionary of Selected Synonyms in the Principal Indo-European LanguagesISBN 0-226-07937-6notes that the word has the form of a compound + cow-cheese, possibly a calque from Scythian, or possibly an adaptation of a native Scythian word 4. church, on Oxford Dictionaries

Women Change the World

Women change the institution A woman is like a tea bag- you never know how strong she is until she gets in hot water, these were the well said words of former US send-off lady and leading feminist Eleanor Roosevelt. How many another(prenominal) a(prenominal) women do our lives comprise of, how many have we thanked. The daughters, the mothers,the sisters, the fribblings friends like siblings, the wives, the aunts, the nieces, the grand-some things, the young uns, the teens. The women in ourlives. Who love, lose, cry. Laugh, heal, thrive. Nurture.Create. Have we thanked them enough for the great changes theyve made? History is evident of the fact that its golden pages wouldnt be as revolutionary as they be without the women that existed, that strived and persisted on for a change, for a difference. A glimpse into these chapters remind us that we have stood up and against barbarian acts, we have invented and notice the unknown, we have scripted the unforgettable, we have chased t he most feared, we have done the unbelievable, WE have made a change.The women who have been leaders of this race of change are boundlessly many, the writers, the scientists, the politicians, the mutineers but today we shall borrow the time to recount the glories and honor a few outstanding ones out of them. No 1. Everyday millions of people repulse the buses of America some prefer to sit in the front rows while others at the back. In the 1950s, Rosa Parks rode a bus to work 5 days a week. Even though black people had supposedly been equal citizens for almost a hundred years, the law did not allow her to carry her seat.Rosa Parks known as the mother of the civil rights movement put the wheels of change in motion by refusing to give up her seat for a white man. That is what ignited the eternal spark of anti racism. No 2. Marie Curie was the first women to receive the Nobel Prize and the first person to win it for 2 go categories. Her first award was for research into radioactivit y (Physics 1903). Her second Nobel Prize was for Chemistry in 1911. A few years later she also helped develop the first x-ray machines. Marie Curie was not only a scientific pioneer, but also a social pioneer.Marie Curie Overachiever, who cooked, cleaned, discovered radium, and raised a Nobel Prize-winning daughter. Her many accomplishments were not only astonishing for her time but have yet to be equaled in our time. No 3. Some books are timeless, and even though they were written long ago they are still enjoyed by modern readers. Jane Austen was an English nove careen whose books, set among the English middle and upper classes, are notable for their wit, social observance and insights into the lives of early 19th century women.She was the author of several enduringly popular English novels, including Pride and Prejudice, Emma and Mansfield Park. Jane Austen wrote at a time when female writers were very rare, destiny pave the way for future writers. She made a change by writing w hen women were forbidden to do so another pride to the long list of history makers. No 4 The patron saint of France, Joan of Arc sure heavenly visions giving her the inspiration to lead the French in revolt against the demarcation of the English.An unlikely heroine at the age of just 17 the diminutive Joan successfully led the French to victory at Orleans. Her later trial and martyrdom on false premises only heightened her mystique. Joan of Arc achieved a remarkable achievement in her short bearing of 19 years. In particular she embodied religious devotion with great bravery and humility, her life helped change the course of French history. Her words of wisdom have gone down in history, One life is all we have and we live it as we believe in living it.But to sacrifice what you are and to live without belief, that is a fate more terrible than dying. No 5 One of the most innovative fashion designers Coco Chanel was instrumental in defining feminine style and dress during the 20th Century. Her ideas were revolutionary in particular she often took traditionally male clothes and redesigned them for the benefit of women. In her own golden words Fashion is not something that exists in dresses only. Fashion is in the sky, in the street, fashion has to do with ideas, the way we live, what is happening. She prided herself on her great taste, fashion and practicality combined with an awareness of what people wanted. It was this that made her the most recognizable name in world fashion. And last but not the least No 6 Devoting her life to the service of the poor and dispossessed Mother Teresa became a global epitome for selfless service to others. Through her missionary of Charities organisation she personally cared for 1000s of sick and dying people in Calcutta. She was awarded the Nobel Peace prize in 1979.When Mother Teresa received the prize, she was asked, What can we do to promote world peace? Her answer was simple Go home and love your family . Over the last two decades of her life, Mother Teresa suffered confused health problems but nothing could dissuade her from fulfilling her mission of serving the poor and needy. Until her very last illness she was active in travelling around the world to the different branches of The Missionaries of Charity. Mother Teresa was a living saint who offered a great example and inspiration to the world.Through the centuries, women have tried to be equal to men. From their perplex in the workplace to voting rights, women have struggled to gain equal rights. It is this struggle, this strive, this pain, this suffering that has made women so much more capable than they were once believed to be, these have attached women the power and have ignited the flame that has gone on to change the world . Women, not only the handful that I have listed, but off the beaten track(predicate) more than these have changed and continue to change our world for the greater good, every single day.

Women are better parents than men Essay

Today , with the develop custodyt of society, peoples living styles grow changed a lot. A common phenomenon is that much and more men play a fundamental part in our daily life, they stay at home doing house exit and fetching c ar of children. However, women work outside the home. Although this trend becomes more and more popular, the importance of women dealing with educating and taking c are of children cant be replaced. That is to say women are better parents than men. Supporters of men are better parents argue that men have enough energy to do many things such as sending children to school or keeping track of the childrens doctor and tooth doctor appointments, etc. But are these enough for bringing up a child? Of course ,the answer is No. In traditional belief women who are not good at domestic duties will have difficulty in their family life sooner or later, so they have to get alter to cooking and taking care of children. Since they are teenage girls, they start to learn ho usehold tasks and raise children, so that they can become a good flummox in the future.Besides, when the man are young, their mothers do everything for them, they do not need to do any housework if they dont like. Generally, most men are not good at cooking and they are careless, which results in their childrens unwilling to be along with them. Also, women are more circumspective than men, this is womens nature that counts as an advantage in being better parents. Women have a sharp insight, they can know what their children are thinking through careful observation. Are they clever or sad, hungry or thirsty, want to sleep or want to listen to music? And then women will try to meet their demands by detach methods. Mother is the person who understand her child best. Contrarily, there is always an unbridgeable gap between the father and children in a family, for father is a grim and serious men that children dare not to express their emotions, even sometimes the kid behave abnormal, the father cant find out anything wrong. bear but not least, women are gentler and more tolerant than men, this contributes to women have more chances to contact with their kids. From very first day of pregnancy, there is a close and quasi-religious relationship between mothers and their little babies. The belief that womens sole responsibility is to raise their children has been deeply tooted in our society for a long time, hence, children may have a tendency to listen and confide their personal problems to them. And mothers will give themsuggestions on how to solve these problems correctly. And men are sole financial providers and have to work very hard to support family, which makes them have little chance to talk to their children and know them better. In consequence, women are considered not only better mothers but likewise close friends by their kids. Having said these, although men are trying their best to be a good househusband, women still outweigh them in terms of takin g on child rearing.

Organizational Behavior Essay

This paper result describe what atomic number 18 believed to be the important elements of organizational behavior and how these elements challenge the effectiveness of a individual(a) tribute agency. organizational sort (OB) is the study and application of knowledge about how people, individuals, and groups act in organizations. The purpose of the behavior is to build a better relationship and micturate objectives in the business. In both private tribute agencies and the criminal justice system it will establish important matter with an effective organizational behavior to cultivate their job duties correctly. The elemental objective and the goals of private security agencies were to make sure that the safety of the customers were met. This mean to satisfy the needs, wants and demands of the customer in a successful manner. The private security sectors have the elements and combine them to build a great model and be able to organize the business and operate from that mode l. Managers in private security use the details in the organizational behavior policy to help make the decisions that will affect the company.This policy will help direct the employees and their attitudes as well as the performance of those very employees. The OB will also allow the managers to better understand the best way to allocate resources for the betterment of the company. In the private security agency and through the use of the organizational behavior plan and policy communication is going to be the key in achieving the goals that are set for the company. Management needs to focus on the employees and be able to predict which employees are productive, dedicated employees and the ones that lack those qualities. Preventing adverse actions against the company and the employees from happening is the primary job and goal of the private security manager. The managers main responsibility at a private security agency is to have an meeting on the performance of the employees. This is often done through themonitoring of the behavior skills as a team and productivity. Every company will have a diversity with people they hire, as they will all come from different backgrounds and cultural values.The other issue that a company will have when dealing with diversity is a variety of views on personalities and the way that things need to be done. In most cases there will be some that will be extremely hard working and take their duties very serious, and then another may do a little as possible to simply deposit the job done or appear to be busy. The work ethics of the employees are not factors that should play a role in the environment that the employees are expected to work, and it is not unfair for the employer to expect the employee to complete the duties of the job with effectiveness and efficiency. There are challenges that a private security agency will face, and hopefully handle to the best of their ability.The direction needs to be ready to step in and be persistent and be able to work to lower the employee overthrow rate. There are also going to be some employee turnover when there is a management change because of a conflict in personalities. The coating thing that a manager wants to happen is the loss of employees due to changes in policy. As a manager one should be able to motivate the employees and have growth in job performance, satisfaction which will lead to less absenteeism, human resource issues and improve the trust between the employees and the management.ConclusionIn demonstration the behavior of the people is based on what is important to themselves. Management teams need to be observers of their employees and their behaviors, the managers are going to see things differently than the employees. The last thing that management will want to do is down play the employees feelings on any given situation. As with any company a group of employees are going to act differently in the same situation, because they are all diffe rent. The manager must be aware of the differences and develop a platform that will be the same for all employees and the situations that may transpire. The organization behavior will help managers see the employees behavior and reform them or to simply draw out them and their behavior. Organization behavior is something that should be in place in all areas of the criminal justice system as well as private security agency to have a safe work place, and behavior environment with employees and thecustomers.ReferencesManager-Solve-Practical-Problems-at-The Pervez,Organizational Behavior Retrieved from http//wikieducator.org/Organizational_BehaviorAshraf, T. (n.d) Organizational Behavior Retrieved from http//www.unesco.org/education/aladin/paldin/pdf/course02/unit_14.pdfGoogle, 2013 Leadership and Organizational Behavior Retrieved from http//www.nwlink.com/donclark/leader/leadob.htmlReferencesThis is a hanging indent. To keep the hanging indent format, triple click your mouse on this l ine of text and replace the information with your acknowledgement entry. You can use the Reference and Citation Examples (Center for Writing ExcellenceTutorials and GuidesReference and Citation Examples) to help format your source information into a reference entry. The reference page eer begins on the top of the next page after the conclusion.

A silent killer

A silent killer is a illness which is hard to detect and origins injuries over time silently. Similarly a cal after parteal spur also c onlyed as wienerwurst spur is a small ostephyte or bone spur located on the calc beous blackguard bone which is a silent killer. Many a time this Calcaneal spurs are detected by a radiological examination or X-ray but often its too late. When a foot bone is exposed to constant stress, calcium gets deposited and is build up on the bottom of the tip bone. Generally, this doesnt affect a persons daily life routine.However, repeated damage can cause these deposits to pile up on ach other which then causes a spur-shaped deformity, called a calcaneal or heel spur. Flatfooted people,obeses people and women who ofttimes wear high-heeled shoes are most susceptible to heel spurs. Causes There can be some(prenominal) causes but we will see few of them. Heel spurs can form as a extend of repeated strain placed on foot muscles . Due to which ligaments a re formed abnormally stretching the band of tissue connecting the heel and the foot.Repeated injury to the membrane lines of the heel bone can also cause problems and can cause repeated pressure behind the heel. The causes can be anything it can be xcessive walk of life , running or Jumping to wearing shoes which are not comfortable or separate shoes. volleyball players and tennis players, and athletics people who do aerobics or who climbs staircase for exercise, also those with plane feet, womens who are pregnant, the obese and diabetics and those who wear tight-fitting shoes with a high heel are all prone to developing spurs more readily.Symptoms Let us see the symptoms of heel spur and try to bod out some measures. Major symptoms consist of pain in the region which is around the spur, which typically increases and goes on becoming intense after prolonged periods of rest. Patients reports heel pain to be more cracke when wakeful or doing morning walk. Patients are not able to bear the weight on the affected heel comfortably. Short distance walking, running or lifting heavy weight may make the issue stock-still worse.A heel spur is a pointed bony outgrowth of the bone of the heel . They are attributed to chronic topical anesthetic exhilaration at the insertion of soft tissue tendons in the area. Heel spurs is located at the cover version of the heel or under the heel of the foot. Heel spurs behind of the heel are frequently associated with inflammation of the tendon and many a times causes ever pain in the foot. Treatment There are many treatment options, and good results are often observed. A calcaneal spur develops when proper cope is not given of the foot and heels.It is often caused because of a repetitive stress injury, and thus few fitting in our lifestyle can be a typical and basic course of management. To decrease the power of heel spur pain, a person should begin doing foot workouts. Do exercise to make your muscles of calf stronger an d lower legs will stand by take the stress off the bone and thus help bring around or prevent heel spurs. Applying Ice to the area is an effective way to get f sever pain persist then Steroid injection can be given. The bone spur can be removed by surgery.Which is 80% effective. Wearing proper footwear is also very important. hold turmeric, ginger in your daily diet. Also regular exercise can act as a preventive measure. Conclusion thought its difficult to detect but it can be prevented and we can transcend a happy life by reducing the impact of heel spur. We can take attending by doing simple things. Choose comfortable shoes Applying acupressure techniques to specific, locations along the heel can help to reduce pain and promote healing. Thus effective care and treatment can cure heel spur.

EU-Belarus Relations

This paper will utilize 5 articles from just some the world on the question of the relations between Belarus and the europiuman Union. The purpose here is to unmask the propaganda, the unsubstantiated rumors and western-sponsored attacks on Belarus and specifically, its president, Alexander Lukashenko, wildly popular in Belarus itself. The Moscow Times (May 4, 2009), speaks of the possibility of Lukashenko boycotting the EUs summit in Prague that same week. There atomic number 18 two reasons given for this.First, that the visit strength irritate some EU members, and secondly, that part of the agenda of the meeting is to promote the economical integration of eastern Europe within a EU run framework. Both of these reasons be telling. First, the economic success of Belarus away of the system financed by the Inter provinceal Monetary Fund has menaceened the European Union and the United States. The deathless accusations of vote rigging and oppression are belied by the detail that Lukashenko is oerseeing a huge expansion of the post-Soviet saving of Belarus, and that he holds to a solid popularity rating of 80%, this after over 10 years in office.The Los Angeles Times (September 25, 2005) has said even Lukashenkos fiercest opponents dont question the accuracy of independent polls that come in him the most popular politician in this country. Yet, the major cover and agencies here do not bring reference to it at all. From the Financial Times (May 2, 2009), the Belarussian immaterial Minister, Sergei Martinov, fears that the Prague Summit would have turned into a rivalry for Belarussian support. In separate words, that the EU was using this summit to lure Belarus away from Russia.Martinov said that We are not going to make a choice between the EU and Russia. We are not going to break in relations with one at the expense of relations with the other. It seems that the fears of Lukashenko and his government are justified here. The only keen-sighted reason why the EU, whose public contempt for Lukashenko is daily made clear, would want Belarus to attend the Prague summit is so that they can take Belarus away from the protection of Russia with the aim of altering her highly successful political system.What other government would tolerate this? It seems more that the EU seeks the cooperation of Belarus, at least partially because Russian oil pipelines and a great deal refining capacity goes straight thought Belarussian territory. While the EU publically condemns Belarus for vague crimes, the Belarussian foreign transaction regime has been heaving tilted towards the EU and away from a dependence on Russia. Belarus is skillfully contend both sides, making herself indispensable for both the Russian and the European sphere of influence.The position is that, vague denunciations aside, Belarus sleek over sports a large trade and budget surplus, high economic growth rates and an unemployment rate of around 1%. These numbers are di fficult to argue with, and thence, the EUs approach has now been order more towards dialogue rather then confrontation. In April 29, 2009, the Euro-Business newspaper from Brussels came disclose with a vituperative article attacking Belarus from a Polish point of view.It relates the president of the European parliaments torment of Belarussian policies while speaking in Poland, and reminds readers that Lukashenko was under a EU imposed travel ban get up only in October. But what are the facts here. Again, the president of the rather overlythless EU parliament attacks Belarus for a lack of democracy. But Belarus has 14 independent and rather large political parties, some pro-Lukashenko, some opposed. Belarus has wads of privately owned newspapers of diverse backgrounds, including the large anti-government Charter 97 news agency.Apparently, the issue is not over democracy but Belarus strong whizz of national independence, including in terms of economic integration with the EU . Pro-Belarussian professor Matthew Johnson had this to say about the short letter in Belarus In Belarus, a country the size of Kansas, there are about 800 newspapers. Of this, about 600 are privately owned. There are about 450 magazines are various kinds. Of these, about 300 are owned by private investors or entrepreneurs. In television, there are 9 state owned stations, and about 40 stations owned by private investors (Johnson, 2006).On April 30, 2009, the Soros owned radio Free Liberty newspaper wrote that Czech President Vaclav Klaus has said he would neither shake Lukashenkos peck nor invite him to the Prague castle if he comes to the Czech capital. No reasons for this immature overreaction are given. It does strongly suggest that the EU and the US are putting quite a bit of pressure on European leading to freeze out the independent Lukashenko. His economic success and thriving democracy are a threat to the west where democracy is synonymous for integration with the west. Lukashenkos independent course and economic success outlying(prenominal) and above either Poland and Czech Republic in terms of incomes and unemployment (cf. populace Bank Report, 2009). The Russian tidings and Information Agency wrote on February 18, 2009, that The EU plans to include Belarus in its new program, Eastern Partnership, on the bod that Minsk complies with EU demands on the countrys democratization. In other words, Belarus can be a part of Europe so vast as she ceases to be an independent country and permits Brussels to restructure her domestic policy.And would swell Britain like it if Belarus defyd to ship any oil to Europe unless she pull out of Northern Ireland? This is about power, and the foreign policy independence of Belarus. Refusing to follow any western line, Belarus has strong economic and force ties with Iran, China and Vietnam, hence standing in the way of western foreign policy. This seems to have more to do with the EUs contempt for Minsk than a nything else. But often, the newspapers dealt with here refuse to deal with the major issues.First, none of the above papers ever dealt with the economic success of Belarus, even when such success is seconded by the World Bank statistics themselves. Second, they refuse to deal with Lukashenkos popularity and, lastly, refuse to deal with the long history of the CIA in attempting to destabilize that country, hence suggestion Lukashenkos paranoia about foreign manipulation. Paul Labarique writes in the Non-Aligned Press Network The Bush administrations many attempts to overthrow Alexander Lukashenko and destabilize Belarus to bring it to the North Atlantic orbit (NATO) have failed.Not exactly because the extremely authoritarian president has had the support of Russia, but because it has relied on his voters. Appreciating the countrys good economic performance and the maintenance of their independence, the Belarusian distrusted an opposition too openly submitted to Washingtons interes ts (February 18, 2005) While this is a dated reference, it does show that many are suspicious about the so-called anti-Lukashenko opposition and the CIAs long running interference in Russian, Ukrainian, Serbian, Georgian and Belarussian elections.But none of this is spoken of in the major media outlets in the States or the EU. The more recent articles dealt with in this paper refuse to deal with any of the major issues conglomerate with the wests irrational attacks on Lukashenko. But what are the newspapers leaving out? Apparently they are under a great amount of stress to paint Lukashenko in the most dire modify possible. But this is a problem if the major newspapers worldwide are refusing the report the truth, than what does this say?It says that, especially in more obscure parts of the world, CIA involvement can lead to distorted reporting for reasons of national security. Or it may be merely that the reporters involved do not want to be thrown out of the country club, or that , even more, the Radio Free Europe report is motivated by the fact that the Soros NGOs were thrown out of Belarus some years ago as agents of the CIA. Either way, the fact remains that newspaper reporting is highly suspect, and yet, the issues here are tremendous Russia is a nuclear gird country, and pushing Belarus too hard is, to some extent, pushing Russia.To re-create the Cold War is likely not the best idea in the world, and the fact that Belarus is reaching out to China and Venezuela suggests that an alternative trading and military bloc is being formed. The picture the newspapers paint of Lukashenko is an unrestrained tyrant. Yet that is not backed up by facts in any forum. Hence, in reading papers about the relations between Lukashenko and the EU, one must be wary of the bias of the authors. The issues that the authors are not bringing up either because they are too ignorant of the subtleties, or they are under pressure, are that first, Belarus is an economic and political success.Lukashenko enjoys wide popularity and has controlled the effects of both the breakup of the USSR and the current economic crisis. But Lukashenkos policies have been driven by state independence and the desire for a multi-polar world. This has led to threats from the west that has led further to the realignment of Belarussian politics towards anti-western centers throughout the world, including the crucial playing area of nuclear power (Kommersant, 2006). The wests policies in this respect have been failures.But it is as well clear that the media is also a major power behind the attacks on Lukashenko, often without the facts and research necessary to make sense out of the complex political situation of small states in a hostile environment. Obviously the media is misreporting the situation in Belarus. It seems to this writer that the real reason Belarus is a threat is that they are an economic successful nation outside of the integrative structures of the west and its bank s.Luskahenko has refused to permit his country to come under the control of the west, and has pursued a strategy of international equality, seeing all states as equal and as contributing to global justice. As a result he is vilified in the press, as some of the newspaper reports mentioned here show. History is in the making indeed, and it is being made by a handful of reporters and journalists in elite newspapers. References Barber, Tony. Belarus Fears Battle for regional Influence. The Financial Times. May 2, 2009. Moscow Times. Lukashenko Expected to Skip EUs Prague Summit.May 4, 2009 EU Business. European sevens Chief Calls for Democracy in Belarus. April 29, 2009. Radio Free Liberty. Belarussian President Will not Attend Prague Summit. April 30, 2009. Labareque, Paul. Belarussians symbolise their Interests. Non Aligned Press Network. February, 15, 2005 Johnson, Matthew Raphael. Belarus A New Look. The American Journal for Russian and Slavic Studies, 2006. Kommersant. Lukash enko Speaks Chinese. May 24, 2006 World Bank. Belarus. 2009. (Cf www. worldbank. org/by) for all the statistical information on the Belarussian economy.

Ethics and the Professional Code of Conduct Essay

Reasons ethics and legality are important for a police chief or county sheriff. In to mean solar days clubho engagement, it is not an easy job being a county sheriff or a police chief. The society has become all over-critical of law en evisceratement and the person on top of the chain of command has in full responsibility of all actions on him/her since there are responsible for make the important decisions as to what is chastely upright (Perez & Moore, 2012). How the police relate to the public since they need to have the confidence of the public to condition conjunction policing work. Ethics and integrity are important to a police chief since they assist him make day to day decisions in the police draw off. Some of the unethical behavior that police policemans engage include theft, over speeding, misuse of public office and excessive use of force. The set engrave of top testament help a police chief to deal with the officers who are engaged in unethical behavior withou t divergence or corruption. Ethics depart help police chief in making important decisions in the force. Assigning duties to different officers will require the chief to follow ethics and assign duties to officers according to their effect and not discriminate other officers.This will ensure there is equality in the force which will greatly contribute to the overall performance of the force. When there is integrity from the seniors other officers will follow event making the entire force more productive in performing their duties. Ethics and integrity will also help a police chief to report cases from his force with honesty to his seniors. This will ensure that he reports truthfully of all the activities of his county. This will lead to a proper relationship with the seniors and this helps in the supportive development of the force. When ethics and integrity are practiced in the force it increases the public confidence with the force which in turn improves the collaboration of t he public and police in fighting crime.Difference in the midst of ethics, integrity and morality within law enforcement. Integrity refers to the state of feeling whole and unbroken by ones actions. Its the quality of being honest and morally upright (Killinger, 2010). A police office needs to be honest in his actions and always be willing to tell the truth. He should not be touch on in activities that would ruin his integrity and in the process damage his reputation. Ethics refers to a set code of conduct. Each profession has its ethics which are generally accepted standard of what is desirable and undesirable. It is what is considered by the society to be good or bad behavior of a person or an entity. Ethics may also include a defined basis of discipline including exclusion (Bonhoeffer & Clifford, 2005). A police officer should always be ethical and not be involved in activities like excessive use of force or abuse of the public office which is unethical and would ruin the imag e of the police force to the general public. Morality on the other side refers to the ability of a person to differentiate between right and wrong.This greatly helps police officers while making decisions which are spot on. Officers need to be morally upright to ensure that in all the situations they can differentiate what is right or wrong and yield the necessary actions. Ways a police chief or county sheriff should use ethics and the code of conduct in decision making. A police is always presented with decisions in which he has to be ethical when making them. One of them is when assigning duties to other officers. He needs to assign duties to the officers according to their abilities and not to discriminate, example, assigning his friends the elemental jobs available. He is needs to be ethical when dealing with the cases which are reported. He should not discriminate if he knows the accused or if they are relatives and all the rules should apply to every criminal regardless of t he relation with him. By being ethical, the public level of confidence rises and working with the police becomes easier since there is trust between the devil (Josephson, 2009).ReferencesBonhoeffer, D., & Clifford J, J. G. (2005). Ethics.Killinger, B. (2010). Integrity Doing the Right Thing for the Right Reason.Perez, D., & Moore, J. (2012). Police Ethics.Josephson, M. (2009). Becoming an Exemplary Peace Officer The die hard to Ethical Decision Making.

Harrison Products Essay

Harrison Products Inc. (HPI) is a global manufacturer of molded plastic intersections and metal products that ar used in the auto industry, food and beverage industry (containers), and in a variety of separate products and packaging materials. HPI has several manufacturing seed down located world-wide, generally in locations convenient to the companys almost signifi burn downt customers.The present case considers one of HPIs products, a one gallon metal can container used for paint and otherwise chemical products. The product is produced in deuce U.S. locations, Los Angeles, CA, and Youngstown, OH. These shews produce several one million million of these cans each year.The competitive environment for HPI is challenging. Competitors in all parts of the world challenge HPI on cost, which is the chief(a) order-winning factor in the business. All HPI customers expect very high quality and prompt service, so disceptation on price and reliability in set uping delivery dates are c ritical to its competitive success. operational Data and StrategyHPI has focused its production of the one gallon metal cans in the two plants, in Los Angeles and Youngstown, Ohio. The summary information in Exhibit 1 shows the plant capacity, normal production, price and cost information. Currently, direction believes that production be are driven by volume managements goal is to meet competitive cost pressures by increasing volume and improving efficiency to bring costs down. For this reason, product costs are based on volume, as illustrated in Exhibit 1. The unit cost for the Los Angeles plant is $1.10, while the unit cost in the Youngstown plant is $1.00. The cost difference reflects the higher facilities cost at the Los Angeles plant, which is the newer of the two plants. The Los Angeles plant has similar equipment and manufacturing flow design to that of the Youngstown plant, but a key difference is that the Los Angeles plant was designed to be more efficient for small job (batch) sizes the equipment and plant lay-out are consistent with greater speed inprocessing smaller jobs. The decision to design the Los Angeles plant in this way reflected the smaller orders that were generally received by the Los Angeles plant. See Exhibit 2 for a sample of the some of the jobs at the two plants the exhibit shows a representative sample of 28 jobs for Los Angles and 41 jobs at the Youngstown plant, showing the measure in each job (job size) and the estimated minutes per 1,000 units for that job. The telephone number of minutes per 1,000 units is a commonly-used measure of job mental process at HPI and is called runtime. Product CostsHPI includes manufacturing costs into three main categories. First, there is materials cost that includes the metal and other materials necessary in the production of the cans. These materials are considered direct materials and are $0.40 per unit at each of HFIs plants. The second category is operating costs which include labor, su pervision, some materials used in machine precaution and repair, materials receiving and stocking, and related costs. Labor costs include runtime labor, setup labor and downtime labor. Operations costs are considered verificatory costs and the costing method used is to apply these costs to product based on units of output, as noted above. The two plants have the uniform per unit operating cost of $0.50. The third category, facilities costs, includes equipment and the plant facility. Because Los Angeles is the newer plant, these costs are higher for Los Angeles, at $0.20 per unit relative to the Youngstown plant, where the facilities cost is $0.10 per unit.Required1.Using the companys original costing system, calculate the manufacturing cost and operating margin (price less manufacturing cost) for each of the jobs in Exhibit 2, for both(prenominal) the Los Angeles and Youngstown plants. 2.Assume that 20% of operating costs are due to setup costs and that the equalizer are runti me costs. HFI is considering an activity-based entree which would apply setup costs to each job each job would be applied the same amount of setup cost. Calculate the manufacturing cost and operating margin for each of the jobs in Exhibit 2, for both the Los Angeles and Youngstown plants. 3.Assume as above that 20% of operating costs are due to setupcosts and that the remainder are runtime costs. Now, assume that HFI is considering an activity-based approach which would recognize that each setup requires time and material that is partly proportional to the size of the prior job. That is, the part of setup that involves clean-up and preparation of the machine for a new job is lengthy after a relatively long job than it is for setups that follow a relatively short job.HFI forthwith plans to apply setup costs so that one-half of the setup costs would be applied as to each job and the remainder of setup costs would be applied based on the number of units in the job. Calculate the ma nufacturing cost and operating margin for each of the jobs in Exhibit 2, for both the Los Angeles and Youngstown plants. 4.Interpret soon your findings in parts 1,2 and 3 above. Do you support the setup cost application approach in (3) above? Why or why not? What approach do you think would be favourite(a)? 5.Using analysis based on charts, correlation or regression analysis or other means, field of view (a) the relationship between runtime and job size at both plants, and (b) examine how this relationship differs between the two plants. What are the implications of these relationships, and how they differ between plants, on (a) product costing, and (b) manufacturing strategy?

Supervisory techniques

The word instruction chamberpot be defined as the process of helping persons who are funda psychically psychologically healthy or oppositewise resolve develop moral and situational issues. Supervisory techniques are essential and incorporate some advances that whitethorn non be themselves referred as steering such as creative problem solving but yield similar aim. A successful counselor has a mature and well balanced state of heading and temperament and places him/her self in the shoes of the counselee, and has the ability to respect their (counselee) opinions, thoughts, feelings and emotions.After evaluating the story as described, a in truthistic, interoperable solution can be developed individually at first if this is beneficial, and then jointly to throw out the participants to give their best efforts at orienting their relationship with each other. It must be noted that the alteration in situations like financial status, physical health, and the knead of family members and friends can build an adverse negatively charged influence on the conduct, resolutions and actions of the those counselee.The scope of counseling covers a wide and diversified field of study as it includes what unrivaled would imagine far and beyond these identified topics- miscarriage counseling, Brief therapy, Career Counseling, Christian counseling, Counseling psychology, assurance rating counseling, Cross-cultural counseling, Disaster counseling, Disciplinary counseling, Ecological counseling, Family & marriage counseling, Genetic counseling, Grief & trauma counseling, Marriage counseling, outlandish counseling, Relationship counseling , Rehabilitation counseling, Sexual trauma counseling, self-destruction intervention etc. 1.0) Pregnancy Options and Abortion counseling This provides information and support for a pregnant woman who is considering between the choices regarding the continuation of the pregnancy. The choices include move the pregnancy for parenting or a doption and pregnancy termination. In reality, qualified advisors take the information with certainty and encouragingly that helps each woman make the best decision for her. Counselors require up-to-date knowledge of local and issue laws governing womens pregnancy choices, especially concerning adolescents and their rights to make such decisions.The tie between forced spontaneous abortion and mental health is no more than associated with psychological danger than carrying an unwanted pregnancy to term. Psychological effects of abortion It was noted that adverse emotional reactions to the abortion are influenced by pre-existing psychological conditions and other negative factors and, furthermore, that well-being was separately and positively related to employment, income, and education, but negatively related to total number of children. The manikin of stress and the amount of stress women experience varies from culture to culture.Emotional distress may occur in a majority of wo men who are contemplating or have had an abortion due to a number of factors, including pre-existing mental health problems, the status of the womans relationship with her partner, poor economic status, poor social network, or conservative views held on abortion. The term post-abortion syndrome was used as it was stated that it had been observed post-traumatic stress disorder which developed in response to the stress of abortion.While some studies have shown a correlation between abortion and clinical printing, anxiety, dangerous behaviors, or adverse effects on womens sexual functions for a small number of women, these correlations may be explained by pre-existing social circumstances and emotional health and various factors, such as emotional auxiliary to the pregnancy, lack of support, and conservative views on abortion, may increase the likelihood of experiencing negative reactions. Abortion might connote a selection of women at higher risk for self-destruction because of re asons like depression.The study concluded that compared to other women in the group those who had an abortion were subsequently more likely to have mental health problems including depression, anxiety, suicidal behaviors and substance use disorders. 1. 1) Career Counseling Career choices are based on matching private traits (aptitude, abilities, resources, personality) with job factors (wages and environment for success. This framework contains three sections a) Acquaintance with the necessary requirements and conditions of achievement, positive and negative effects, returns, opportunities, and prospects in incompatible areas of work.b) A true reasoning of the relations of these two groups of facts 1. 2) Christian counseling Christian counseling is carried out by a qualified counselor who upholds Christian ethics values, beliefs and philosophy. The uniting element is the therapist, who has integrated a combination of Christianity, psychology, and psychotherapy into the applied pr ogram. Counselees look at Biblical guidance and counseling as a perfect relationship with a caring counselor directed toward increased cognisance of themselves, others, the societies and cultures in which they live, and their understanding of the Christian God.The therapy may take an ad-hoc approach, focusing simply on the therapy session itself. Clients may be more comfortable with a Christian counselor, and they may feel such a persons advice is more sensitive to their personal or religious needs. Some leaf nodes also wish to use the Christian parole as a reference for their counseling sessions and therapy. 1. 3) Disciplinary counseling A disciplinary counseling is a session or a meeting between an employer and an employee or a supervisor and his/her junior employee.It may focus and put more emphasis on a specific work place scenario or in carrying out a performance appraisal. The counseling process may be scheduled, initiated and executed by the supervisor and is not considere d disciplinary. It is conducted in ultimate privacy, and is intended to have a constructive goal of providing feedback to the employee to change by reversal the problem. 1. 4) Pastoral counseling Pastoral or Biblical counseling is a branch of therapy in which ordain ministers, rabbis, priests and others provide therapy go.These include Marriage and Family Counselors. Pastoral counseling is essentially a non-licensure. Counselees often will not pay for pastoral counseling of counselors without state licensing which is often synonymous with pastoral care that include Christian Counselors, Clinical pastoral education.. 1. 5) Rehabilitation counseling This type of counseling takes interest on assisting those with disabilities to achieve their personal, biography, and main(a) living goals through a counseling process.Though educational programs have began to appear, it is not until the availability of adequate funding for rehabilitation counseling programs that the profession begun to grow and establish its own identity. 1. 6) Suicide intervention Counseling Suicide intervention is an effort to stop or prevent persons attempting or contemplating suicide from killing themselves. Individuals who utter the figure cause harm to self are routinely determined to lack the present mental efficiency to refuse interposition, and can be transported to an emergency department against their will.Medical advice pertaining people who attempt or consider suicide is that they should immediately go or be taken to the nearest emergency room, or emergency services should be called immediately by them or anyone aware of the problem. Modern medicine treats suicide as a mental health issue. According to medical practice, severe suicidal ideation, that is, serious contemplation or provision of suicide is a medical emergency and that the condition requires immediate emergency medical treatment. Those suffering from depression are considered as high-risk group for suicidal behavio r.When depression is a major factor, successful treatment of the depression usually leads to the disappearance of suicidal thoughts. However, medical treatment of depression is not always successful, and womb-to-tomb depression can contribute to recurring suicide attempts. 1. 7) Career Counseling A career was initially taken as a course of successive situations that make up a persons work life. genius can have a sporting, musical or any other without being a real professional athlete or musician, but more or less frequently career in the 20th vitamin C referenced the series of jobs or positions by which one earned ones money.Career Assessments are tests that come in a variety of forms and rely on both quantitative and qualitative methodologies and helps individuals to identify and better articulate their grotesque interests, values, and skills. These type of advisors evaluates major interests, values and skills, of the client and also help them explore career options and resear ch fine-tune and professional schools. This field is vast and includes career placement, career planning, learning strategies and student development.Typically when people come for career counseling they know exactly what they want to get out of the process, but are unsure about how it will work Career counselors work with people from all walks of life such as adolescents looking for to explore career options or with experienced professionals looking for a career change. Career advisors normally have psychology, vocational psychology, or industrial/organizational setting. The approach of career counseling varies by practitioner, but broadly speaking they include the completion of one or more assessments. 1.8 Credit counseling It is also known as debt counseling. This is a process plying education to consumers about how to avoid incurring debts that cannot be repaid. This process is really more debt counseling than a function of credit education. This type counseling involves d iscussing with lenders in ascertaining a debt circumspection plan (DMP) for a consumer. A DMP may help the debtor repay his or her debt by on the job(p) out a repayment plan with the creditor. DMPs, set up by credit counselors, usually offer reduced payments, fees and interest rates to the client.It merely gives a fresh start and an opportunity for the client to get off building a positive credit history. Criticism for credit counseling These sharp increases of credit counseling activity also created other, more serious issues in the industry and they include a) Exploitation by most credit guidance organizations are so significant which leads to critical review of the entire industry. b) Another common criticism of credit counseling is the assertion that participating in a Debt Management Plan will collapse a consumers credit.d) Severally many credit advice firms hire untrained staff to do credit counseling. References 1) Swanson, J. L. and Parcover, J. A. (1998). Annual Review Practices and Research in career counseling and development 1997. The Career Development Quarterly. 47, 2, 98-135. 2) Kim, B. S, Li, L. C. , and Lian, C. T. (2002) make of Asian American client adherence to Asian cultural values, session goal, and counselor emphasis of client expression on career counseling process. Journal of Counseling Psychology, 49, 3, 342-354.

Controversy Around Groupware Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Controversy Around Groupw atomic number 18 - look for Paper ExampleGroupware can be used to helping ideas, to solve problems, to connect with global users, to share files, and for many other purposes. It is a highly effective technology for use in project attention and problem-solving. Prior to selecting a particular software solution, a company needs to decide on its boilersuit purpose. It is necessary to be as detailed as possible as to what kind of information-sharing is required and which sight should be involved in the proposed project. One primary problem has been identifying and measuring specific performance outcomes for several(a) job categories (OConnor, 1999). Time and money can easily be wasted when the needs of the project are not clearly outlined from the beginning. Once these primary considerations are decided upon, the project manager whitethorn select the proper application and get started.The manager of a group project whitethorn be surprised to find that users are sometimes not in agreement about using groupware applications. This may be because they are used to a specific way of doing things, they are concerned that their efforts will go unrewarded, that they are afraid of a stigma associated with their candid opinions, or any number of other reasons. another(prenominal) problem which can arise from groupware is that users may find themselves sabotaging a project by veering off-topic or initiating conflicts with other users. Some groupware problems are very similar to the problems one can experience in a traditional group setting.